Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is primarily spread through contaminated food and water, and can also be spread through close contact with an infected person.
Symptoms of Hepatitis A can include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and nausea.
Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. Jaundice can occur as the virus attacks and damages liver cells, leading to decreased function of the liver.
Acute Liver failure ( ALF ) is a serious complication of Hepatitis A that can occur if the virus causes significant damage to the liver. Symptoms of liver failure can include jaundice, abdominal swelling, confusion, and easy bruising or bleeding. In severe cases, liver failure can be fatal.
It is important to note that Hepatitis A can be prevented through vaccination. It is also important to practice good hygiene, such as thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables and properly cooking meat, to reduce the risk of contracting the virus.
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E is a viral infection that affects the liver, similar to Hepatitis A. It is primarily spread through contaminated water, and is more common in developing countries where sanitation is poor. The symptoms of Hepatitis E can include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and nausea.
In the case of Hepatitis E, jaundice can occur as the virus attacks and damages liver cells, leading to decreased function of the liver.
In most cases, Hepatitis E is a self-limiting disease and patients recover within 4-6 weeks without any long-term consequences. However, in some cases, particularly in individuals with underlying liver disease, the infection can lead to liver failure.
Liver failure is a serious complication of Hepatitis E in which the liver is no longer able to function properly. Symptoms of liver failure can include jaundice, abdominal swelling, confusion, and easy bruising or bleeding. In severe cases, liver failure can be fatal.
Hepatitis E can be prevented through good hygiene practices, such as properly treating and disinfecting water, and washing fruits and vegetables before consumption. Proper sanitation and safe food handling can also reduce the risk of contracting the virus. If you suspect you may have been exposed to Hepatitis E or are experiencing symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.
It is also important to note that a vaccine for Hepatitis E is not yet widely available, but research is ongoing in this field.
Liver Transplantation for ALF due to Hepatitis A or E
Liver transplantation is a life saving treatment option for individuals with severe liver failure caused by Hepatitis A or Hepatitis E, typically performed when they fulfil the King’s College Criteria.
Liver transplant has around 90% success rate for Acute Liver Failure.